Tag Archives: Ubuntu

Ubuntu 10.04.2 Live USB

Created USB using Universal-USB-Installer-1.8.3.7.exe and ubuntu-10.04.2-desktop-i386.iso.

Edited /syslinux/text.cfg on USB as follows:
default live
label live
menu label ^Run Ubuntu from this USB
kernel /casper/vmlinuz
append noprompt cdrom-detect/try-usb=true persistent file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz splash --
label live-nvidia
menu label Run Ubuntu (NVidia)
kernel /casper/vmlinuz
append noprompt cdrom-detect/try-usb=true persistent file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz nomodeset --
label live-vesa
menu label Run Ubuntu (VESA)
kernel /casper/vmlinuz
append noprompt cdrom-detect/try-usb=true persistent file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper initrd=/casper/initrd.lz xforcevesa --
label live-install
menu label ^Install Ubuntu on a Hard Disk
kernel /casper/vmlinuz
append cdrom-detect/try-usb=true file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper only-ubiquity initrd=/casper/initrd.lz splash --
label memtest
menu label Test ^memory
kernel /install/mt86plus
label hd
menu label ^Boot from first hard disk
localboot 0x80

 

Enable External Mail on Ubuntu

First, install the appropriate packages:

sudo apt-get install mailutils

Configure Exim for external mail:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure exim4-config

Options:

  • mail sent by smarthost; no local mail
  • FQDN of the system
  • 127.0.0.1  (This will prevent external use of the server to send mail.)
  • localhost; hostname
  • FQDN of the system
  • External (ISP) SMTP server
  • Dial-on-Demand? No
  • Split config? No
  • Root/postmaster recipient: (enter the email address you wish to receive messages sent to root/postmaster on the system).

The root/postmaster recipient is stored in /etc/aliases

The Exim configuration is stored in /etc/exim4/update-exim4.conf.conf.  To apply configuration manually changed in this file, run:

sudo update-exim4.conf
sudo /etc/init.d/exim4 restart

Actual Exim configuration is stored in /var/lib/exim4/config.autogenerated. Don’t edit this file directly.

This was tested on Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid)

Subversion Installation with Submin, WebDAV, & WebSVN

Installation of Subversion with:

  • Submin for administering subversion users and repositories
  • WebDAV for access to repositories
  • WebSVN for browser access to repositories

Subversion Installation:

aptitude install subversion

Submin Installation:

Add the following repository to /etc/apt/sources.list:

# Submin Repository
deb http://debian.supermind.nl/ current main

Install key for submin repository:

wget -q -O - http://supermind.nl/debian.key | apt-key add -

Update Package List and Install Submin:

aptitude update
aptitude install submin

Create Folder Structure and Files:

mkdir /var/svn
mkdir /var/svn/conf
mkdir /var/svn/repos
touch /var/svn/conf/authz
touch /var/svn/conf/htpasswd
touch /var/svn/conf/submin.conf
touch /var/svn/conf/userproperties.conf
touch /var/svn/conf/apache-svn.alias

Add Submin Admin User

htpasswd -m /var/svn/conf/htpasswd administrator

Configuration File Contents:

# /var/svn/conf/authz
[groups]
submin-admins = administrator
#/var/svn/conf/submin.conf
[svn]
authz_file = /var/svn/conf/authz
userprop_file = /var/svn/conf/userproperties.conf
access_file = /var/svn/conf/htpasswd
repositories = /var/svn/repos

[www]
base_url = /submin
svn_base_url = /svn
trac_base_url =

[backend]
bindir = /usr/share/submin/bin

[generated]
session_salt = d7xOuU8hY9cF1qB/u/
# /var/svn/conf/apache-svn.conf
# Default Apache Submin Configuration

Alias /submin /usr/share/submin/www
<Directory /usr/share/submin/www>
 Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks
 AddHandler cgi-script py cgi pl
 SetEnv SUBMIN_CONF /var/svn/conf/submin.conf  

 RewriteEngine on
 RewriteBase /submin                           

 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
 RewriteRule ^(.+)$ submin.cgi/$1              

 RewriteRule ^/?$ submin.cgi/                  

 Order Allow,Deny
 Allow from all
</Directory>                                   

# WebDAV Configuration
<Location /svn>
 DAV svn
 SVNParentPath /var/svn/repos
 AuthzSVNAccessFile /var/svn/conf/authz        

 AuthType Basic
 AuthName "Subversion repository"
 AuthUserFile /var/svn/conf/htpasswd
 Require valid-user                            

 Order Allow,Deny
 Allow from all
 Satisfy Any
</Location>                                    

# WebSVN Configuration
Alias /websvn "/var/svn/websvn/"
<Directory "/var/svn/websvn/">
 Options -Indexes -FollowSymLinks
 AllowOverride None                            

 AuthType Basic
 AuthName "Subversion repository"
 AuthUserFile /var/svn/conf/htpasswd
 Require valid-user                            

 Order Allow,Deny
 Allow from all
 Satisfy All
</Directory>

# Disallow web access to directories that don't need it
<Directory "/var/svn/websvn/include">
 Order Deny,Allow
 Deny from All
</Directory>

WebSVN Installation

  • Download WebSVN from http://www.websvn.info/download/.
  • Extract the contents of the archive to /var/svn/ and rename the folder from 'websvn-?.?.?' to just 'websvn‘.
cd /var/svn
wget http://websvn.tigris.org/files/documents/1380/47525/websvn-2.3.1.tar.gz
tar -xvzf websvn-2.3.1.tar.gz
mv websvn-2.3.1 websvn
  • Configure WebSVN with the following file:
<?php
// # /var/svn/websvn/include/config.php

$config->setSvnConfigDir('/etc/subversion');
$config->parentPath('/var/svn/repos');
$config->addTemplatePath($locwebsvnreal.'/templates/calm/');
$config->addTemplatePath($locwebsvnreal.'/templates/BlueGrey/');
$config->addTemplatePath($locwebsvnreal.'/templates/Elegant/');
$config->useAuthenticationFile('/var/svn/conf/authz'); // Global access file
$config->addInlineMimeType('text/plain');
$config->setMinDownloadLevel(2);
$config->useGeshi();
set_time_limit(0);
$config->expandTabsBy(8);

Configure Permissions:

chown -R root:www-data /var/svn
chmod -R ug=rwX,o= /var/svn/conf
chmod g-w /var/svn/conf/apache-svn.conf
chmod -R ug=rwX,o= /var/svn/repos
chmod -R 750 /var/svn/websvn

Configure Apache:

  • Enable Apache Mod Rewrite
ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/rewrite.load /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/rewrite.load
  • Include the required apache configuration by adding a symlink to the apache conf.d directory
ln -s /var/svn/conf/apache-svn.conf /etc/apache2/conf.d/apache-svn.conf
  • Restart Apache Server
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

SVN on Ubuntu

Repository Location: /var/lib/submin/svn

/etc/apache2/sites-available/fender-svn.alias

# /submin and /svn from /etc/submin/default-apache-cgi.conf

Alias /submin /usr/share/submin/www
<Directory /usr/share/submin/www>
 Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks
 AddHandler cgi-script py cgi pl
 SetEnv SUBMIN_CONF /etc/submin/default.conf

 RewriteEngine on
 RewriteBase /submin

 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
 RewriteRule ^(.+)$ submin.cgi/$1

 RewriteRule ^/?$ submin.cgi/

 Order Allow,Deny
 Allow from all
</Directory>
<Location /svn>
 DAV svn
 SVNParentPath /var/lib/submin/svn
 AuthzSVNAccessFile /var/lib/submin/authz

 AuthType Basic
 AuthName "Subversion repository"
 AuthUserFile /var/lib/submin/htpasswd
 Require valid-user

 Order Allow,Deny
 Allow from all
 Satisfy Any
</Location>

Alias /websvn "/var/www/websvn/"
<Directory "/var/www/websvn/">
 Options -Indexes -FollowSymLinks
 AllowOverride None

 AuthType Basic
 AuthName "Subversion repository"
 AuthUserFile /var/lib/submin/htpasswd
 Require valid-user

 Order Allow,Deny
 Allow from all
 Satisfy All
</Directory>

Reinstall Ubuntu Grub Bootloader After Windows Wipes it Out

If you run a dual-boot system with Linux and Windows, this has happened to you. You had to do your monthly reinstall of Windows, and now you don’t see the linux bootloader anymore, so you can’t boot into Ubuntu or whatever flavor of linux you prefer.

Here’s the quick and easy way to re-enable Grub.

1) Boot off the LiveCD

2) Open a Terminal and type in the following commands, noting that the first command will put you into the grub “prompt”, and the next 3 commands will be executed there. Also note that hd0,0 implies the first hard drive and the first partition on that drive, which is where you probably installed grub to during installation. If not, then adjust accordingly.

sudo grub

> root (hd0,0)

> setup (hd0)

> exit

Reboot (removing the livecd), and your boot menu should be back.

Only read below if Windows is now missing from the boot menu

If you installed Ubuntu before you installed Windows, then Ubuntu will not have anything in the grub configuration for Windows. This is where you’ll have to do a bit of manual editing to the grub boot menu file.

If you open the file /boot/grub/menu.lst with the following command:

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

You’ll see a sample section for Windows, which you’ll want to uncomment and add to the boot menu list in whatever position you want it in. (uncomment by removing the #’s)

# title   Windows 95/98/NT/2000
# root   (hd0,0)
# makeactive
# chainloader   +1

Note that you should also verify that hd0,0 is the correct location for Windows. If you had installed Windows on the 4th partition on the drive, then you should change it to (hd0,3)

Credit